The maturation of GABAA receptor-mediated signaling from depolarizing to inhibitory is an age-related process controlled by cation chloride cotransporters, such as KCC2. As a result, GABA exerts dual functions, being an important neurotrophic factor during early development and the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the mature central nervous system. In our laboratory we have been investigating the age and mechanisms through which early life stressors and seizures may disrupt the normal patterns of brain development, by disrupting the neurotrophic effects of GABA. We are also studying methods to reverse these adverse processes. Furthermore, we are very interested in understanding how epileptogenesis proceeds in the developing brain and what is the specific role of GABAA receptors in this process. Dr. Galanopoulou is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Solomon L. Moshé, MD, is Vice Chair of Neurology, Director of the Isabelle Rapin Child Neurology Division and Director of Clinical Neurophysiology at Montefiore. He is also the Charles Frost Chair in Neurosurgery and Neurology, Vice Chair, Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, and Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pediatrics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein). Dr. Moshé’s clinical focus is on epilepsy and electroencephalography with special emphasis on age-related influences on the expression, control and consequences of seizures. Dr. Moshe is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Elissa G. Yozawitz, MD, is Director of Neonatal Neurology at Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Einstein and Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at our Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Yozawitz focuses on the neurological management of children, from the neonatal period through adolescence, particularly those with difficult-to-treat seizures. She also specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke and seizures in the newborn. Dr. Yozawitz’s expertise includes electroencephalography (EEG) and state-of-the-art treatments. Dr. Yozawitz is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Epilepsy in Children, Spasmus Nutans, and Epilepsy.

Zachary Grinspan is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in New York, New York. Dr. Grinspan is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy in Children, West Syndrome, Epilepsy, and Spasmus Nutans.

Orrin Devinsky is a Neurologist and a General Surgeon in New York, New York. Dr. Devinsky is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Myoclonic Epilepsy, Dravet Syndrome, Seizures, Epilepsy, and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Dr. Ian Daniel Krantz, MD, is a renowned physician specializing in Genetics and Pediatrics. He currently sees patients at Cohen Children's Medical Center (CCMC) and Northwell Health Physician Partners Medical Genetics. Dr. Krantz holds certifications in Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, and Pediatrics from the American Board of Medical Genetics and the American Board of Pediatrics, respectively.Dr. Krantz completed his BFA at Concordia University in Montreal and his MD at Sackler School of Medicine (Tel Aviv University). He completed his residency in Medical Genetics at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and his residency in Pediatrics at New York University Medical Center.With an impressive set of academic and administrative titles, Dr. Krantz serves as the Division Chief of Pediatric Genetics and Genomics at Cohen Children's Medical Center and is the System Vice President for Pediatric Genetics at Northwell Health. Additionally, he holds the position of Professor at the Zucker School of Medicine at Northwell Health.Dr. Krantz is recognized for his clinical expertise in isolated and syndromic forms of congenital birth differences and developmental diagnoses, including syndromic and non-syndromic autism. He has a special interest in the genetics of hearing loss and focused expertise in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, Pallister-Killian syndrome, Alagille syndrome, CHOPS syndrome, among others.Dr. Krantz's research is dedicated to identifying and characterizing the molecular etiology of syndromic and non-syndromic developmental diagnoses. His research lab has made significant contributions in the field, discovering new disease genes and shedding light on critical molecular pathways involved in human developmental disorders.Driven by his commitment to advancing patient care, Dr. Krantz has been at the forefront of integrating genomic technologies into the clinical setting. He has implemented rapid genome sequencing into the NICU and CICU and established biobanks and biorepositories to further research efforts. Through his work, he aims to understand the impact of complex diagnostic information on clinicians and families involved.With his extensive expertise and dedication to advancing genetic research and patient care, Dr. Krantz continues to make significant contributions to the field of Pediatrics and Genetics. Dr. Krantz is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Cornelia De Lange Syndrome, Pallister-Killian Mosaic Syndrome, Mosaicism, and KBG Syndrome.

Stephan Bickel is a Neurologist in Great Neck, New York. Dr. Bickel is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy, Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, and West Syndrome.

Erica Fernandes is a Medical Genetics specialist and a Pediatrics provider in New Hyde Park, New York. Dr. Fernandes is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Microcephaly, Chromosome 13q Deletion, Acrodermatitis Enteropathica, and CHARGE Syndrome.

"Past work experience:Director of Pediatric Epielpsy Surgery ProgramKosair Children's HospitalLoiusville, KYI was instrumental in establishing a pediatric epilepsy surgery program for the first time at Kosair Children's Hospital. I played a key role in more than twelve successful epilepsy surgeries for a variety of indications.Clinical InterestsIntractable Pediatric Epilepsy, Surgical management of epilepsyRecent Publications:Book Chapter: ""Pediatric Epilepsy: A Century of Discovery"" by Shefali Karkare. Dr. Karkare is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Epilepsy, and Absence Seizure.

Emma Laureta is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Laureta is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Seizures, Epilepsy Juvenile Absence, and Epilepsy.

Cristina Carbonell is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Carbonell is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are GAPO Syndrome, Encephalitis, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, and Seizures.

Sanjeev Kothare is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Kothare is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Seizures, Epilepsy, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS).

Ivan Pavkovic is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Pavkovic is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Seizures, Trisomy 13, and Epilepsy.

Zipora Fefer is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Fefer is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), Neurofibromatosis, Optic Glioma, and Craniopharyngioma.

Obehioya Irumudomon is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Irumudomon is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Primary Lateral Sclerosis, Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency Neuronopathy, Genetic Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+), and Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure.

Rose Sy-Kho is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in New Hyde Park, New York. Dr. Sy-Kho is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Tourette Syndrome, Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, and GAPO Syndrome.

Vamsi Kalari is a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist in Glen Oaks, New York. Dr. Kalari is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Stereotypic Movement Disorder, Spasmus Nutans, and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Jules Beal is a Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in Fresh Meadows, New York. Dr. Beal is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Subacute Combined Degeneration, and West Syndrome.

Sebastian Avolese is a primary care provider, practicing in General Practice and Internal Medicine in Fresh Meadows, New York. Dr. Avolese is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Autism Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Expressive Language Disorder, Developmental Dysphasia Familial, Gastrostomy, and Endoscopy.

Stephen Briggs is a Neurologist in Bronx, New York. Dr. Briggs has been practicing medicine for over 10 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Epilepsy, and Epilepsy in Children.